Here are some compounds which the body cannot make in sufficient quantity. These compounds are called essential nutrients. These nutrients can be derived from the food we eat and are necessary to prevent numerous diseases and promote good health and growth. The essential nutrients are of two kinds: macronutrients and micronutrients. The compounds that are needed in larger quantities by the body are macronutrients. The macronutrients include proteins, carbohydrates, and fats. These provide us the energy that is needed by the body. The compounds that are required in smaller amounts are the micronutrients. Vitamins and minerals are micronutrients.
Proteins
Proteins are the building blocks of the body and are necessary for the maintenance and growth of the body tissues. Fish, eggs, and meat are rich sources of proteins. Beans, nuts, and soy are proteins that are obtained from plant sources.
Fats
Fats are a very important part of a healthy diet and help in blood clotting, the absorption of the vitamins and minerals by the body, and the movement of the muscles. Unsaturated fats are very important as they provide the body with the essential fatty acids that cannot be produced in the body. These are found in fish, nuts, and vegetable oils.
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates provide fuel to the body and protection against diseases. Whole grains, fiber-rich vegetables, and fruits are healthy sources of carbohydrates.
Vitamins
There are 13 vitamins that are required by the body. Vitamins are known to play a vital role in the development of a healthy skin, bones, and vision. Vitamins are powerful antioxidants. You should eat a balanced diet that contains a lot of fruits and vegetables to provide for your vitamins’ requirements.
Minerals
Minerals are required for building strong teeth and bones and to regulate metabolism. Some of the minerals that are required by the body include iron, zinc, and calcium. Calcium helps in providing strength to the bones and teeth.
